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Penulis : Muhammad Ismail Salleh
Lokasi : Cairo, CAiro, Egypt
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| Wednesday, December 31, 2008 |
| The Meaning of Al-Fatihah and its Various Names |
The Meaning of Al-Fatihah and its Various Names
This Surah is called Al-Fatihah, that is, the Opener of the Book, the Surah with which prayers are begun. It is also called, Umm Al-Kitab (the Mother of the Book), according to the majority of the scholars. In an authentic Hadith recorded by At-Tirmidhi, who graded it Sahih, Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah said,
«الْحَمْدُ للهِ رَبَ الْعَالَمِينَ أُمُّ الْقُرْآنِ وَأُمُّ الْكِتَابِ وَالسَّبْعُ الْمَثَانِي وَالْقُرْآنُ الْعَظِيمُ»
(Al-Hamdu lillahi Rabbil-`Alamin is the Mother of the Qur'an, the Mother of the Book, and the seven repeated Ayat of the Glorious Qur'an.)
It is also called Al-Hamd and As-Salah, because the Prophet said that his Lord said,
«قَسَمْتُ الصَّلَاةَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ عَبْدِي نِصْفَيْنِ، فَإِذَا قَالَ الْعَبْدُ:الْحَمْدُدِلله رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ، قَالَ اللهُ: حَمِدَنِي عَبْدِي»
(`The prayer (i.e., Al-Fatihah) is divided into two halves between Me and My servants.' When the servant says, `All praise is due to Allah, the Lord of existence,' Allah says, 'My servant has praised Me.')
Al-Fatihah was called the Salah, because reciting it is a condition for the correctness of Salah - the prayer. Al-Fatihah was also called Ash-Shifa' (the Cure).
Tafseer Surah Al fill
Which was revealed in Makkah
[بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ ]
In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
[أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِأَصْحَـبِ الْفِيلِ - أَلَمْ يَجْعَلْ كَيْدَهُمْ فِى تَضْلِيلٍ - وَأَرْسَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ طَيْراً أَبَابِيلَ - تَرْمِيهِم بِحِجَارَةٍ مِّن سِجِّيلٍ - فَجَعَلَهُمْ كَعَصْفٍ مَّأْكُولِ ]
(1. Have you not seen how your Lord dealt with the Owners of the Elephant) (2. Did He not make their plot go astray) (3. And He sent against them birds, in flocks (Ababil).) (4. Striking them with stones of Sijjil.) (5. And He made them like `Asf, Ma'kul.) This is one of the favors Allah did for the Quraysh. He saved them from the People of the Elephant who had tried to tear down the Ka`bah and wipe out all traces of its existence. Allah destroyed them, defeated them, thwarted their plans, made their efforts in vain and sent them back routed. They were people who were Christians, and thus, their religion was closer to the True Religion (Islam) than the idolatry of the Quraysh. However, this was a means of giving a sign and preparing the way for the coming of the Messenger of Allah . For verily, he was born during that same year according to the most popular opinion. So the tongue of destiny was saying, "We will not help you, O people of Quraysh, because of any status you may have over the Ethiopians (Abyssinians). We are only helping you in order to defend the Ancient House (the Ka`bah), which We will honor, magnify, and venerate by sending the unlettered Prophet, Muhammad , the Finality of all Prophets.'' |
posted by ismailshoubra @ 8:22 AM  
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| Saturday, July 12, 2008 |
| Malaysian voters wooed with Islam |
As Malaysians prepare to vote in a general election on 8 March, the BBC's Robin Brant, in Kota Bharu, finds Islam to be an increasingly dominant issue in the campaign.
The PAS chief minister has said he will reinforce gender segregation
When customers come to pay at the new Tesco supermarket in Kota Bharu they have to queue separately - one till for men, another for women.
It is one of the regulations to ensure the sexes are kept apart in Kelantan - the only state in Malaysia run by the opposition Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS).
Enforcement of the rule is patchy - but as the election approaches, Kelantan's chief minister and PAS spiritual adviser, Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat, has been demanding a stricter approach.
Meanwhile, the neighbouring state of Terengganu has a new Islamic "edutainment" park where visitors can walk among miniature copies of some of the world's best known mosques.
It is far from finished but Prime Minister Abdullah Badawi officially opened it just ahead of the election.
Both these examples show just how important Islam - and in particular the ability to demonstrate Islamic credentials - will be as Malaysians prepare to vote.
Shifting ground
Ethnic Malays - who are all regarded as Muslim by the state - make up about 65% of the population, while ethnic Chinese and Indians - mostly Buddhist, Christian or Hindu - account for most of the other 35%.
Kelantan is a conservative state where political control is decided by a single seat.
The PAS has run Kelantan since 1990 - the only state where the Barisan Nasional (National Front) coalition is not in power.
From childhood you are groomed about the danger of [males and females] being together
Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat
The National Front has dominated Malaysian politics since the country won independence 51 years ago.
It will win the forthcoming election, as it has all previous general elections.
But crucially, it wants to win back Kelantan.
Both sides have shifted ground.
The PAS needs to broaden its appeal so it has dropped any mention of its 2004 pledge to introduce a theocratic government, focusing instead on healthcare reform, racial equality and keeping prices down.
The National Front, meanwhile, is tempting people with promises of huge investment - more mosques are on the cards.
Moderate principles
But it is what has happened in the months before the campaign started which is more important.
The government reignited a row with a Christian Church by saying only Muslims could use the word Allah. And there has been a renewed spate of Bible confiscations by customs officials at the border.
Terengganu's "edutainment" park was opened by the prime minister
A recent divorce case involving a Hindu woman and her Muslim-convert husband ended ambiguously - he was allowed to go to the Islamic courts, she was allowed to go to the civil courts.
Professor Muddathir Abdel-Rahim, from Kuala Lumpur's International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilisation, says the current debate in Malaysia involves "very many different points of view".
"It is basically healthy and is bound sooner or later to give rise to something more coherent, more rationally understandable."
Many non-Muslims do not see it like that.
Some of the 35% of Malaysians who are not Muslim see a worrying trend of dominance, eroding Malaysia's constitutional guarantee of equal treatment irrespective of religion.
Prime Minister Badawi, an Islamic scholar, has promoted a philosophy of government called Islam Hadhari, which translates as Civilisation Islam.
The philosophy promotes a system of moderate government based on 10 principles ranging from the overtly religious "having faith in Allah" to the more broad encouragement of "cultural and moral integrity".
No way back?
The PAS rejects the philosophy wholeheartedly. Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat labelled it as "empty" with "no substance".
He defends PAS policies on keeping men and women apart, including clamping down on bars which attract tourists.
"From childhood you are groomed about the danger of being together," he said.
Islam is the dominant religion here. It is also increasingly the dominant culture. It influences the lives of everyone, Muslim or non-Muslim.
But whatever the rows about the extent to which Malaysia should embrace Islam, this is a country where the most conservative state has just welcomed the western retail behemoth that is Tesco.
There is no going back from that. |
| posted by ismailshoubra @ 10:19 AM
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| Monday, May 14, 2007 |
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"Menolak Fahaman Wahabi"
Gerakan Wahabi diasaskan oleh Imam Muhammad bin Abdul Wahhab At-Tamimi (1703 – 1791 M) lahir di Uyaynah utara Riyadh di daerah Nejad Arab Saudi. Bapanya adalah seorang qadhi di Nejad yang berpegang kepada akidah Ahli Sunnah wal-Jamaah. Selain berguru dengan bapanya beliau juga berguru dengan ulama-ulama Ahlu Sunnah Wal-Jamaah di Mekah dan Madinah. Gurunya yang terkenal di Madinah ialah Syeikh Muhammad Hayat yang menulis kitab Al-Hashiyah ‘Ala Sahih al-Bukhari.
Imam Muhammad bin Abdul Wahhab merupakan seorang ulama’ yang banyak dipengaruhi Mazhab Hanbali tetapi pegangan tauhidnya berasaskan fikrah Ibnu Taimiyyah dan Ibnu Qayyim yang juga bermazhab Hanbali. Beliau tertarik dengan pemikiran dua pemikir dan cuba menghidupkan kemabli konsep pemikiran Ibnu Taimiyyah dan Ibnu Qayyim.
Ibnu Taimiyyah ( 1263 – 1328 M) adalah seorang pemikir besar umat Islam. Pemikiran Ibnu Taimiyyah menimbulkan bantahan beberapa ulama berfahaman akidah Ahli Sunnah Wal-Jamaah yang sedang menguasai pemikiran akidah pada masa itu sehingga ia di penjara, dilarang menulis dalam penjara dan akhirnya meninggal dunia dalam penjara di Damshik Syiria. Ibnu Qayyim (1292 – 1350 M) adalah juga murid kepada Ibnmu Taimiyyah.
Secara umumnya Syeikh Mohammad bin Abdul Wahab muncul ketika pengaruh Mazhab Hanbali sedang merosot dan umat Islam pada masa itu banyak melakukan pencemaran akidah seperti khurafat, bid’ah dan wakil gabenor Turki pula terlibat dengan rasuah. Beliau telah melancarkan reformasi dan pembaharuan di semenanjung Arab dalam usaha membersihkan mengembalikan umat Islam kepada ajaran sebenar al-Quran dan Hadis Sahih Rasulullah s.a.w. Usahanya mendapat sokongan beberapa pemimpin kabilah Arab di Nejad.
Berasaskan gerakan reformasi inilah maka ia beruasaha menghapuskan rasuah, segala macam bid’ah, khurafat dan pelbagai perbuatan yang membawa kepada syirik. Penegak-penegak fahaman Wahabi ini juga menamakan fahaman mereka sebagai kumpulan Salafi iaitu kumpulan yang tidak terikat dengan mana-mana mazhab seperti mana yang berlaku di zaman Rasulullah dan kepimpinan sahabat-sahabat selepasnya.
Bagaimana pun terdapat juga penganalisis politik Arab bahawa gerakan Wahabi ini lahir sebagai usaha untuk membebaskan bangsa Arab dari pemerintahan Kerajaan Uthmaniah Turki yang menguasai negara Arab pada masa itu. Muhammad bin Saud (pengasas pemerintah Kerajaan Arab Saudi sekarang) telah memimpin kabilah Arab dan mendapat sokongan British berjaya memerintah Arab Saudi. Muhammad bin Saud dan pengasas fahaman Wahabi itu telah bersatu dalam usaha mengukuhkan kepentingan masing-masing dan usaha mereka berjaya. Kerajaan Uthmaniah Turki gagal mengawal kebangkitan Muhammad bin Saud dan perkembangan gerakan Wahabi kerana sibuk memnperkukuhkan penyebaran Islam di Eropah.
Menurut sumber sejarah ulama Mekah dan Madinah pada awalnya menentang fahaman Wahabi di mana berlaku isu kafir mengkafir yang hebat di antara ulama Ahli Sunnah Wal-Jamaah dengan ulama Wahabi. Bagaimana pun gerakan Wahabi berjaya menawan dua tempat suci itu maka bermulalah fahaman itu bertapak kukuh.
Pada prinsipnya fahaman Wahabi ini membuat terjemahan serta tafsiran al-Quran dan hadis sebulat-bulatnya mengikut fahaman pemimpin mereka serta ditegaskan dengan pendirian keras pergerakan itu. Mereka juga dikatakan menolak fahaman 4 Mazhab utama serta pegangan Ahli Sunnah Wal-Jamaah.
Menurut K.H Sirajudin Abbas seorang ulama besar Indonesia dalam buku 40 Soal-Jawab Agama menyatakan konsep moden fahaman Wahabi antaranya adalah seperti berikut:
. Dalam mempelajari ilmu Usuludin hendaklah berpegang kepada fahaman yang diasaskan oleh Ibnu Taimiyyah.
. Di dalam amalan fiqh pula tidak berpegang kepada mana-mana mazhab malah boleh menampal antara satu sama lain (Talfiq).
. Berpegang kepada sumber al-Quran dan hadis sahih sahaja tanpa berpegang kepada Ijmak dan Qias.
. Melarang keras umat Islam berdoa melalui tawassul (perantaraan).
. Melarang ziarah kubur walaupun maqam Rasulullah s.a.w. Kerajaan Arab Saudi membenarkan Jemaah Haji dan Umrah menziarah Maqam Rasulullah itu adalah atas dasar menziarahi Masjid Nabawi.
. Menghancurkan tugu-tugu peringatan kerana semua itu menjadikan umat Islam syirik.
. Melarang membaca qasidah dan berzanji yang memuji Rasulullah s.a.w. tahlil dan seumpamanya.
. Melarang umat Islam mengadakan sambutan hari-hari kebesaran Islam seperti Maulid Nabi, Isra’ Mikraj dan lain-lain.
Melarang umat Islam belajar sifat 20 dan seumpamanya.
. Fahaman Asa’ari iaitu fahaman Ahlu Sunnah Wal-Jamaah dibuang jauh-jauh.
. Imam dilarang membaca Bismillah pada permulaan Fatihah.
. Tidak boleh membaca wirid-wirid yang memuji Rasulullah.
. Tidak boleh melagu-lagukan lafaz al-Quran dan laungan azan tetapi boleh baca dengan lurus sahaja.
. Menghadakan majlis zikir secara berjemaah dilarang.
. Amalan tariqah dilarang sama sekali.
. Amalan berwirid selepas solat berjemaah dilarang keras.
Fahaman Wahabi menjadi pegangan Kerajaan Arab Saudi yang menguasai Masjidil Haram Mekah dam Masjid Nabawi Madinah. Berdasarkan penguasaan dua tempat suci ini maka fahaman Wahabi terus bertapak kukuh. Malah Kerajaan Arab Saudi menjadi negara Islam paling banyak menyumbangkan dana-dana untuk perkembangan dakwah dan syiar Islam di seluruh dunia.
Di negara kita Kerajaan Perlis Indera Kayangan satu-satunya negeri yang tidak berpegang kepada mana-mana mazhab. Mereka mendakwa berpegang kepada al-Quran dan hadis sahih sepenuhnya seperti mana yang diamalkan di Arab Saudi. Terdapat kalangan pelajar Malaysia yang belajar di Arab Saudi dan mahir dalam selok belok hukum tertarik dengan fahaman Wahabi dan mengembangkannya di Malaysia.
Penerapan fahaman Wahabi di kalangan umat Islam di negara ini yang sejak berkurun lama berakar umbi dengan Akidah Ahli Sunnah Wal-Jamaah telah menimbulkan salah faham di kalangan umat Islam. Manakala bagi orang awam yang kurang mahir dalam selok belok mazhab maka lebih baik bertaqlid dengan pegangan mazhab sedia ada.
Hakikatnya fahaman Wahabi tidak membawa pemikiran baru tentang akidah. Mereka hanya mengamalkan apa yang telah dikemukakan oleh Ibnu Taimiyyah dalam bentuk yang lebih keras berbanding apa yang diamalkan oleh Ibnu Taimiyyah sendiri. Perkembangan fahaman Wahabi dan penerapan mazhab lain dalam masyarakat Islam di negara ini tidak dapat dielakan kerana kesan pengglobalan ilmu di dunia hari ini.
Malah dalam penghayatan muamalah dan sisitem perbankan Islam di negara ini dan di dunia sekarang banyak menggunakan kaedah yang terdapat dalam Mazhab Hanafi.
Kesimpulannya dari segi tauhid fahaman Wahabi bukan ajaran baru dan juga tidak termasuk antara 73 cabang ajaran sesat seperti mana yang dijelaskan ulama berdasarkan huraian hadis penjelasan 73 ajaran sesat itu. |
| posted by ismailshoubra @ 12:12 AM
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| ISMAIL SHOUBRA ONLINE |
| ألى كل اصدقائى معهد قراءات الأزهار شــــبرا كـــيف بإســـــتعدادكم لمواجهة الإمتنحــــــان الذى ســــيـــأتى قريبا. أرجو منكم ان تستعدوا بجهاد كثيرا وحفظا كاملا لمواجهة امتحانكم فى اول المرة فى ارض الأنبياء مصر اتمنى لكم بالتوفيق والنجاح الباهر |
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